Glossary entry (derived from question below)
French term or phrase:
faisceau laser modulé temporellement en phase
English translation:
time-domain phase-modulated laser beam
Added to glossary by
Tony M
May 15, 2021 11:47
2 yrs ago
31 viewers *
French term
Lithuania
patent / technical translator
Native in: French 
Works in: French to English, English to French
faisceau laser modulé temporellement en phase
French to English
Tech/Engineering
Electronics / Elect Eng
in a patent for laser device
[Revendication 1] Dispositif laser (D) pour interférométrie à polarisation adapté pour délivrer un faisceau laser modulé temporellement en phase (Smodulé) et comprenant :
- une source laser monomode longitudinal (1), alimentée par un courant électrique d’alimentation, et configurée pour délivrer un faisceau laser source
- une source laser monomode longitudinal (1), alimentée par un courant électrique d’alimentation, et configurée pour délivrer un faisceau laser source
Proposed translations
(English)
| 3 +5 | time-domain phase-modulated laser beam |
Tony M
|
| 4 | phase modulated laser beam |
Johannes Gleim
|
| 3 -3 | The temporal coherence of a laser beam |
Tabassom Mohammadi
|
Proposed translations
+5
55 mins
Selected
time-domain phase-modulated laser beam
I'm very confident about the interpretation of the source expression, but slightly less so about the best way to express it correctly in EN.
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Note added at 1 hr (2021-05-15 13:19:40 GMT)
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No, definitely NOT "more correct"; the problem, as you correctly identify, is to know where to put and what to do with the 'temporellement' part. I can't decided whether it would be better to say 'temporally phase-modulated' or 'phase-modulated in time' or... but 'time phase modulated' is effectively technically meaningless. Further research would undoubtedly reveal what the currently-favoured technical jargon is.
A while back, we had a comparable linguistic issue with COFDM ('coded orthogonal frequency-domain modulation'), which is one factor that prompted me to make my current suggestion using 'time-domain'. fréquentiel / temporal are a typical matching pair of terms used in this sort of field in FR.
It is very important to have a firm grasp of the technical concepts here, in order to avoid falling into the trap of rnadom word-by-word translations that sound immediately false to a technical expert in the field.
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Note added at 3 hrs (2021-05-15 14:51:40 GMT)
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There is a very tiny number of Google hits for 'temporally phase modulated', although at least some of them appear at least superficially relevant.
Here are just the first few which seem promising, and appear to be talking about similar subjects; do note, however, that at least some of them appear to be from non-native EN sources:
Temporally Modulated Phase Retrieval Method for Weak ...https://iopscience.iop.org › article
by YD Yao · 2017 — and the modulating function is $m(t)$ . As shown in Fig. 1, the initial signal pulse is temporally phase modulated by the modulating function and can be written as.
Controlling light with spatially and temporally phase ...https://etda.libraries.psu.edu › catalog
by X Guo · 2020 — ... properties of spatially and temporally phase-modulated metasurfaces have been explored. I will show how spatiotemporal phase gradient metasurfaces break ...
Triangular spectral phase tailoring for the generation of high ...https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr › document
PDF
by U Andral · 2019 · Cited by 15 — nm is first temporally phase modulated using a Lithium Niobate electro-optic device driven by an amplified sinusoidal electrical signal. A linear ...
High-quality 10 and 20 GHz repetition rate optical sources ...https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr › document
PDF
by U Andral · 2019 — continuous wave laser at 1550 nm is first temporally phase modulated using a Lithium Niobate device driven by a sinusoidal electrical signal.
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Note added at 3 hrs (2021-05-15 14:54:49 GMT)
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A much greater wealth of references are to be found on Google for what is admittedly a slightly different term, i.e. "phase modulated" simply associated with "time domain", obviously giving it a great deal more opportunity to return results.
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Note added at 1 hr (2021-05-15 13:19:40 GMT)
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No, definitely NOT "more correct"; the problem, as you correctly identify, is to know where to put and what to do with the 'temporellement' part. I can't decided whether it would be better to say 'temporally phase-modulated' or 'phase-modulated in time' or... but 'time phase modulated' is effectively technically meaningless. Further research would undoubtedly reveal what the currently-favoured technical jargon is.
A while back, we had a comparable linguistic issue with COFDM ('coded orthogonal frequency-domain modulation'), which is one factor that prompted me to make my current suggestion using 'time-domain'. fréquentiel / temporal are a typical matching pair of terms used in this sort of field in FR.
It is very important to have a firm grasp of the technical concepts here, in order to avoid falling into the trap of rnadom word-by-word translations that sound immediately false to a technical expert in the field.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2021-05-15 14:51:40 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
There is a very tiny number of Google hits for 'temporally phase modulated', although at least some of them appear at least superficially relevant.
Here are just the first few which seem promising, and appear to be talking about similar subjects; do note, however, that at least some of them appear to be from non-native EN sources:
Temporally Modulated Phase Retrieval Method for Weak ...https://iopscience.iop.org › article
by YD Yao · 2017 — and the modulating function is $m(t)$ . As shown in Fig. 1, the initial signal pulse is temporally phase modulated by the modulating function and can be written as.
Controlling light with spatially and temporally phase ...https://etda.libraries.psu.edu › catalog
by X Guo · 2020 — ... properties of spatially and temporally phase-modulated metasurfaces have been explored. I will show how spatiotemporal phase gradient metasurfaces break ...
Triangular spectral phase tailoring for the generation of high ...https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr › document
by U Andral · 2019 · Cited by 15 — nm is first temporally phase modulated using a Lithium Niobate electro-optic device driven by an amplified sinusoidal electrical signal. A linear ...
High-quality 10 and 20 GHz repetition rate optical sources ...https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr › document
by U Andral · 2019 — continuous wave laser at 1550 nm is first temporally phase modulated using a Lithium Niobate device driven by a sinusoidal electrical signal.
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Note added at 3 hrs (2021-05-15 14:54:49 GMT)
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A much greater wealth of references are to be found on Google for what is admittedly a slightly different term, i.e. "phase modulated" simply associated with "time domain", obviously giving it a great deal more opportunity to return results.
Note from asker:
| Mr Tony tank you ; I prefer this translation, but would it be more preferable to translate it as "time phase-modulated laser beam" |
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
Anton Konashenok
: That's the most compact and elegant way to put it.
25 mins
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Thanks a lot, Anton!
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| agree |
philgoddard
: This may not be the client's choice of phraseology, but they'll certainly understand it.
2 hrs
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Thanks, Phil! My feelings exactly.
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| agree |
Bruce Popp
: In patents, when these kind of mash-ups occur, it is often best to read the relevant part of the patent description to see (whether and) how the pieces are explained and put together. That may lead you to a better resolution than this good suggestion.
10 hrs
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Thanks, Bruce!
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| agree |
Kim Metzger
10 hrs
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Danke, Kim!
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| agree |
Schtroumpf
2 days 4 hrs
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Thanks, Schtroumpf!
|
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
-3
16 mins
Tabassom Mohammadi
Iran
Iran
Iran
--
Native in: Persian (Farsi)
Works in: English to Persian (Farsi), Persian (Farsi) to English, French to English, and 5 more.
The temporal coherence of a laser beam
https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005878/document
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Note added at 1 hr (2021-05-15 12:55:48 GMT)
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"the temporal coherence of a modulated laser beam" is more accurate.
https://www.markettechinc.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Mod...
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Note added at 1 hr (2021-05-15 12:55:48 GMT)
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"the temporal coherence of a modulated laser beam" is more accurate.
https://www.markettechinc.net/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/Mod...
Peer comment(s):
| disagree |
Tony M
: They are talking about phase modulation, nothing to do with 'coherence' / You misunderstanding the technical concept here: it's 'phase-modulated', not 'in-phase'.
35 mins
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why the negative point? was the meaning of phrase "temporellement en phase". for an accurate translation I should write "The temporal coherence of a modulated laser beam". I missed to render word "module".
|
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| disagree |
Bruce Popp
: Yes, you did miss modulé. And also, there's nothing in the source that even vaguely hints at coherence.
10 hrs
|
| disagree |
chris collister
: Nothing to do with coherence in this context. Note that a laser beam is inherently "coherent", as opposed to light from an incandescent source
21 hrs
|
10 hrs
Johannes Gleim
Specializes in field
40 years Engineer, 20 years translations
Native in: German
Works in: English to German, German to English, French to German, and 6 more.
Related KudoZ points
:
165
phase modulated laser beam
I consider 'temporellement' being redundant as phase modulation contains the dimension of time ore technically spoken, the time-domain. Cf. both Wikipedia articles below. Perhaps the patent applicant uses complicated compounds for such simple features.
Stroboscopic effect is one of the particular temporal light artefacts. In common lighting applications, the stroboscopic effect is an unwanted effect which may become visible if a person is looking at a moving or rotating object which is illuminated by a time-modulated light source. The temporal light modulation may come from fluctuations of the light source itself or may be due to the application of certain dimming or light level regulation technologies. Another cause of light modulations is the incompatibility of a lamp with an external dimmer.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroboscopic_effect
Phase modulation (PM) is a modulation pattern for conditioning communication signals for transmission. It encodes a message signal as variations in the instantaneous phase of a carrier wave. Phase modulation is one of the two principal forms of angle modulation, together with frequency modulation.
In phase modulation, the instantaneous amplitude of the baseband signal modifies the phase of the carrier signal keeping its amplitude and frequency constant
The phase of a carrier signal is modulated to follow the changing signal level (amplitude) of the message signal. The peak amplitude and the frequency of the carrier signal are maintained constant, but as the amplitude of the message signal changes, the phase of the carrier changes correspondingly.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_modulation
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Note added at 22 hrs (2021-05-16 10:45:07 GMT)
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Some other references:
Introduction to laser beam modulation
:
Laser beam modulation allow to control a set of parameters including: angle, power, phase, polarisation and many more, …
:
Electro-optic modulators and modulation systems have been available for many years. They have found use in many applications requiring amplitude or phase modulationof cw or pulsed lasers.
http://52ebad10ee97eea25d5e-d7d40819259e7d3022d9ad53e3694148...
Pulsed operation of lasers refers to any laser not classified as continuous wave, so that the optical power appears in pulses of some duration at some repetition rate.[1] This encompasses a wide range of technologies addressing a number of different motivations. Some lasers are pulsed simply because they cannot be run in continuous mode.
In other cases the application requires the production of pulses having as large an energy as possible.
:
The optical bandwidth of a pulse cannot be narrower than the reciprocal of the pulse width. In the case of extremely short pulses, that implies lasing over a considerable bandwidth, quite contrary to the very narrow bandwidths typical of continuous wave (CW) lasers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsed_laser
High precision free spectral range measurement using a phase modulated laser beam
ABSTRACT
A simple, new technique for high precision measurement of the free spectral range of an optical cavity is presented. The technique uses a laser beam which is phase modulated at a frequency near an integer multiple of the cavity free spectral range.
https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1149998
It can be shown that the above condition of having a phase modulation frequency equal to the resolution of the spectrometer is equivalent to a phase modulation period equal to the maximum delay ∆τmax [2]. In the following we assume that this is the case.
Figure 2.Transverse smoothing by spectral dispersion. A phase modulated laser beam illuminates a grating and a phase plate and is focused by a lens
:
Figure 3. Behavior of a grating in the time domain. The sine phase modulation in the temporal domain is transferred into the spatial domain
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Denis-Penninckx/publica...
Cf. also:
Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a digital modulation process which conveys data by changing (modulating) the phase of a constant frequency reference signal (the carrier wave).
:
In optical communications, the data can be modulated onto the phase of a laser in a differential way. The modulati There are three major classes of digital modulation techniques used for transmission of digitally represented data:
• Amplitude-shift keying (ASK)
• Frequency-shift keying (FSK)
• Phase-shift keying (PSK)
:
In optical communications, the data can be modulated onto the phase of a laser in a differential way. The modulation is a laser which emits a continuous wave, and a Mach–Zehnder modulator which receives electrical binary data. For the case of BPSK, the laser transmits the field unchanged for binary '1', and with reverse polarity for '0'.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-shift_keying
Stroboscopic effect is one of the particular temporal light artefacts. In common lighting applications, the stroboscopic effect is an unwanted effect which may become visible if a person is looking at a moving or rotating object which is illuminated by a time-modulated light source. The temporal light modulation may come from fluctuations of the light source itself or may be due to the application of certain dimming or light level regulation technologies. Another cause of light modulations is the incompatibility of a lamp with an external dimmer.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroboscopic_effect
Phase modulation (PM) is a modulation pattern for conditioning communication signals for transmission. It encodes a message signal as variations in the instantaneous phase of a carrier wave. Phase modulation is one of the two principal forms of angle modulation, together with frequency modulation.
In phase modulation, the instantaneous amplitude of the baseband signal modifies the phase of the carrier signal keeping its amplitude and frequency constant
The phase of a carrier signal is modulated to follow the changing signal level (amplitude) of the message signal. The peak amplitude and the frequency of the carrier signal are maintained constant, but as the amplitude of the message signal changes, the phase of the carrier changes correspondingly.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase_modulation
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Note added at 22 hrs (2021-05-16 10:45:07 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
Some other references:
Introduction to laser beam modulation
:
Laser beam modulation allow to control a set of parameters including: angle, power, phase, polarisation and many more, …
:
Electro-optic modulators and modulation systems have been available for many years. They have found use in many applications requiring amplitude or phase modulationof cw or pulsed lasers.
http://52ebad10ee97eea25d5e-d7d40819259e7d3022d9ad53e3694148...
Pulsed operation of lasers refers to any laser not classified as continuous wave, so that the optical power appears in pulses of some duration at some repetition rate.[1] This encompasses a wide range of technologies addressing a number of different motivations. Some lasers are pulsed simply because they cannot be run in continuous mode.
In other cases the application requires the production of pulses having as large an energy as possible.
:
The optical bandwidth of a pulse cannot be narrower than the reciprocal of the pulse width. In the case of extremely short pulses, that implies lasing over a considerable bandwidth, quite contrary to the very narrow bandwidths typical of continuous wave (CW) lasers.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulsed_laser
High precision free spectral range measurement using a phase modulated laser beam
ABSTRACT
A simple, new technique for high precision measurement of the free spectral range of an optical cavity is presented. The technique uses a laser beam which is phase modulated at a frequency near an integer multiple of the cavity free spectral range.
https://aip.scitation.org/doi/10.1063/1.1149998
It can be shown that the above condition of having a phase modulation frequency equal to the resolution of the spectrometer is equivalent to a phase modulation period equal to the maximum delay ∆τmax [2]. In the following we assume that this is the case.
Figure 2.Transverse smoothing by spectral dispersion. A phase modulated laser beam illuminates a grating and a phase plate and is focused by a lens
:
Figure 3. Behavior of a grating in the time domain. The sine phase modulation in the temporal domain is transferred into the spatial domain
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Denis-Penninckx/publica...
Cf. also:
Phase-shift keying (PSK) is a digital modulation process which conveys data by changing (modulating) the phase of a constant frequency reference signal (the carrier wave).
:
In optical communications, the data can be modulated onto the phase of a laser in a differential way. The modulati There are three major classes of digital modulation techniques used for transmission of digitally represented data:
• Amplitude-shift keying (ASK)
• Frequency-shift keying (FSK)
• Phase-shift keying (PSK)
:
In optical communications, the data can be modulated onto the phase of a laser in a differential way. The modulation is a laser which emits a continuous wave, and a Mach–Zehnder modulator which receives electrical binary data. For the case of BPSK, the laser transmits the field unchanged for binary '1', and with reverse polarity for '0'.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phase-shift_keying
Peer comment(s):
| neutral |
Schtroumpf
: This is not really your own answer but Chris Collister's... see discussion.
1 day 19 hrs
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That's my proposal, searched on my own, not copied fom anybody, but I am glad to see that Chris found the same conclusion. Please stop such unfair allegations!
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| neutral |
Herbie
: You expressed your "impression" 10 hours after the question was posted and 4 hours after CC's correct solution! Many of us share Schtroumpf's opinion. Be sure!
3 days 13 hrs
|
Discussion
Nor do I claim that anyone has plagiarised. That is not my place to do so. I will also be careful not to attack others, especially not if I can assume that others are knowledgeable in a specialist field, such as construction. I would respect his opinion for the time being and, if I am also knowledgeable, I might check it out.
In a way, 'temporellement' is the tricky bit here, and we can't really talk about 'time-phase modulated', which is why I think 'in the time domain', a commonly-enough used expression, seems to me to fit the best here. 'time-wise' doesn't really work in EN in this technical context.
Yes, in many multi-word expressions, it is possible to find smaller sub-units that do indeed stand alone; but linguistically, it is often the collocation of the individual words that yields a totally different result.
How would you translate 'busbar wiring system' into FR — certainly, each of those could be readily dismissed as simple individual terms; yet as a whole, the translation into FR bears no resemblance whatsoever to the word-by-word result you'd get it you tried!
In fact, to some extent here the key translation challenge is in fact 'temporellement'.
Your only "answerer" seems to have not translated "modulé" anyway.