先生(呼びかけ、アメリカ英語で)

English translation: Mr. or Ms.

21:19 Mar 16, 2016
Japanese to English translations [PRO]
Art/Literary - Poetry & Literature / 随筆
Japanese term or phrase: 先生(呼びかけ、アメリカ英語で)
ある若い女性が書いた随筆を英訳しています。この随筆は、亡くなった彼女の先生に宛てた手紙という形で書かれています。
イギリス英語では、先生のことを呼ぶときに、SirあるいはMissと言いますが、アメリカ英語でこれに相当する語は何でしょうか?

Contexts:
1.先生へ
2.先生、私を覚えていてくださいますか。
3.先生、回復のための歩みの中で、何度も先生のことばを疑いました。

I'd like to seek advice from someone who knows American English well. Many thanks for your help!
kashis15
Japan
Local time: 05:18
English translation:Mr. or Ms.
Explanation:
I believe Mr. or Ms. is how we would address a 先生, in most cases. However, this can change depending on the position of the 先生. For example, if the 先生 is a doctor or someone with their Ph.D., it is customary to address them as Dr. (doctor).
Whereas, if that person is a university teacher (without a Ph.D.), it is customary to address them as "Professor".

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Note added at 1 day23 hrs (2016-03-18 20:22:38 GMT)
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I understand your predicament. This is difficult without more information. If you know, for sure, that this 先生 works in a university, then "professor" would be a perfect choice. However, this would be inappropriate if the author is writing to a high school or elementary school teacher.
Selected response from:

Patricia Bowden
Italy
Local time: 22:18
Grading comment
I first thought the 先生 was a teacher, but finally decided to go with “Doctor” because I thought it was the safest option as the essay is about the writer’s illness and various agonies accompanying it. You have provided me with clear and reliable information and I really appreciate it. You also understood the problem I was encountering right away, and this I believe shows that you know the Japanese language well and are a good translator. Many thanks for your help. And I also would like to thank other answerers who helped me as well. Thank you very much!
3 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +1Mr. or Ms.
Patricia Bowden
5sir/ma'am
sukiezhang
3敬称+名前
Port City
3dear my doctor (teacher)/dear Mr./Mrs. xxx
cinefil


Discussion entries: 10





  

Answers


2 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5
敬称+名前


Explanation:
Dr./Mr./Mrs./Miss, etc.+名前が普通と思います。
ところで、米語だとDr/Mr/Mrs のあとに「.」が付く場合が多いですね。

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Note added at 9 hrs (2016-03-17 06:59:59 GMT)
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In response to your note: しいて言えば、Sir/Ma'am があげられます。これは南部の人は日常的に使うようですが、北部では少なくとも私は(南部から来た人が使うのを除いたら)全然聞きませんでした。下のリンクでは質問者は、せっかくSir/Ma'am を使ったのに逆効果だったようです。
http://www.formsofaddress.info/Sir.html

Port City
New Zealand
Native speaker of: Native in JapaneseJapanese
PRO pts in category: 12
Notes to answerer
Asker: Thank you very much for your answer. In American English, do I need to call out the teacher’s name in addition to the title when addressing him or her? Is there any way to say it without mentioning the actual name, because the author of the essay doesn’t say her teacher’s name?

Asker: ご丁寧な説明をどうもありがとうございます。また、有用なサイトも教えてくださり助かりました。ほかのサイトも少し調べてみましたが、米国では特に決まった言い方はないようですね。私がイギリスの私立高校にいたときは、男の先生のことはSirと呼んでいましたが、公立校では古めかしい言い方に聞こえたかもしれません。NHKの英語番組で、ティーンエージャーが先生のことを「Teach」と呼んでいましたが、あまりにもフランク過ぎて今回の英訳には役立ちそうにありません。もう少し研究してみます。今後とも何卒よろしくお願いいたします。

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18 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 3/5Answerer confidence 3/5
dear my doctor (teacher)/dear Mr./Mrs. xxx


Explanation:
先生が教師なのか医師なのか分かりませんが・・・・・。

書き手の心情をどこまで表現するかですね。

2. 3.の「先生」は、必ずしも訳す必要はないと思いますが、私なら文全体の調子、バランスを考えて訳すかどうか決めると思います。

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Note added at 23 hrs (2016-03-17 20:37:34 GMT)
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Dear my teacherは、題名は思い出せませんがある映画で使われていました。

ネイティブ云々も大事ですが、技術文書ではありませんので、貴方がエッセイを創作するくらいの意気込みで挑んだほうが良い結果が出ると思います。

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 23 hrs (2016-03-17 20:46:49 GMT)
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ちょっと違いますが、こんな例もあります。
ーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーーー
訳者は人称代名詞を極力省略しないというルールを自分に課したとのこと.
あとがきには
「僕の父は僕の母に,彼女が僕と僕の父を彼女の車で送ることを断った」というような文章に読者がどこまで耐え得るか自信はないが,これを「ママは車で送ってくれると言ったがパパは断った」と訳したら,この小説は少々風変わりではあるが,やさしくて物わかりのいいお父さんの子育て日記にとどまってしまっただろう.」
とある.
http://blog.goo.ne.jp/ablerail1007/e/78274bb1ef8e53cc0367e27...

cinefil
Japan
Local time: 05:18
Native speaker of: Native in JapaneseJapanese
PRO pts in category: 23
Notes to answerer
Asker: ご回答どうもありがとうございます。 まず、このエッセーの中で、筆者は「先生」と人生哲学的な話もしていますので、恐らく教師ではないかと思います。それも、小中学校の先生ではなく、高校か、あるいは大学の先生かもしれません。筆者は、「先生」をかなり尊敬し、「親愛なる先生」という思いを持っているのが感じられます。 ところで、「Dear my teacher」という英語表現はあるのでしょうか? 私がイギリスで過ごした高校・大学時代、耳にした記憶はないような気がするのですが・・・。もし、cinefilさんがご存知のネイティブのサイトで、この表現が正しく使われているものがありましたら、ご紹介いただけますか? 2や3については、「先生」を敢えて訳さないという方法もあるのですね。ただ、他の箇所でも「先生、・・・」と亡くなった先生を慕っている表現が出て来るので、出来ればうまく訳出したいのですが・・・。何か名案がありましたらご助言お願いいたします。

Asker: Thank you very much.

Asker: Thank you for introducing me to the interesting website.

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1 day 17 hrs   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +1
Mr. or Ms.


Explanation:
I believe Mr. or Ms. is how we would address a 先生, in most cases. However, this can change depending on the position of the 先生. For example, if the 先生 is a doctor or someone with their Ph.D., it is customary to address them as Dr. (doctor).
Whereas, if that person is a university teacher (without a Ph.D.), it is customary to address them as "Professor".

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 day23 hrs (2016-03-18 20:22:38 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

I understand your predicament. This is difficult without more information. If you know, for sure, that this 先生 works in a university, then "professor" would be a perfect choice. However, this would be inappropriate if the author is writing to a high school or elementary school teacher.

Patricia Bowden
Italy
Local time: 22:18
Works in field
Native speaker of: Native in EnglishEnglish
PRO pts in category: 3
Grading comment
I first thought the 先生 was a teacher, but finally decided to go with “Doctor” because I thought it was the safest option as the essay is about the writer’s illness and various agonies accompanying it. You have provided me with clear and reliable information and I really appreciate it. You also understood the problem I was encountering right away, and this I believe shows that you know the Japanese language well and are a good translator. Many thanks for your help. And I also would like to thank other answerers who helped me as well. Thank you very much!
Notes to answerer
Asker: Many thanks for your clear and concise answer. I think I have now understood that a 先生 can be addressed differently depending on his or her position. However, there is one problem in the case of the essay I’m translating—the author of the essay doesn’t specifically mention the 先生’s name or position, and just says like “Dear 先生:” or “先生, do you still remember me?” In Japanese, using the word 先生 implies that the student has a respect towards the 先生, and this implication of respect may be diluted if one uses Mr. X or Ms. X in the Japanese sense. Do you have any idea for addressing this anonymous “teacher” (whatever the position is) without sacrificing this nuance of respect?

Asker: Thank you again for your added note. The author of the essay seems to have talked about many issues on her life with the “teacher” while he or she was still alive, so this teacher seems to be a university teacher or her former teacher at senior high school at least. So I think in this case “Professor” seems to be the best choice as you have suggested. Thank you very much for your suggestion.


Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Yasutomo Kanazawa
1 hr

agree  David Gibney: For me when very young, "Teacher" then Mr./Miss/Mrs. Surname also Sir or Miss (old school) and in University it was on a first name basis.
6 hrs

disagree  cinefil: 名前も性別もわからないのに?
1 day 6 hrs
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56 days   confidence: Answerer confidence 5/5
sir/ma'am


Explanation:
日本語がただ少し話せますから、すみませんでした。でも「先生」の意味が分かります。

"Sir/Ma'am" works for almost every occasion. For instance (according to your examples): Sir, do you still remember me?

In America this word is appropriate and polite (but just as @PortCity said it might be true just for the South, as in fact I am a Southerner). We use it to address teadchers, doctors, or just strangers. It does not need to be formal or to target the senior citizens. Tone/atitude changes the word. There is nothing wrong with teachers addressing students as "Sirs" or "Ma'ams" (we do this on a daily basis).

Do note that it is awkward to address teachers as "Teacher", so appropriate titles (Mr/Mrs, etc.) would better in this case. However, it is okay to address doctors by "doctor" or "doc" in a casual conversation. Similarly, professors could be addressed as "Professor" (it works for more formal conversations too). But be sure to address them by their titles (such as "Dr.xxx" or "Professor XXX" in a formal setting.

This is the point of view of a American (Virginian). I hope it helps :)

sukiezhang
United States
Local time: 16:18
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in ChineseChinese, Native in EnglishEnglish
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