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English to Latvian: In the icy waters of the Arctic Sea General field: Science Detailed field: Environment & Ecology
Source text - English In the icy waters of the Arctic Sea, time seems to have frozen…It is, in fact, the scene of an extraordinary escapade. A giant crab, here because of one man’s actions, is building an empire to match its insatiable appetite. King crabs haven’t always been found in the Barents Sea. They were introduced here. They appeared in the north of Norway towards the end of seventies. In just a few decades, they have conquered the entire north coast of Scandinavia. How far will they expand their territory? Scientists are continuing to discover the resources and adaptability of this crustacean invader. Their leg span can measure up to 6 ft. and they can weigh up to 20 lbs. The king crab is one of the largest shellfish in the underwater world. Their scientific name is: Paralithodes Camtschaticus. This is Latin for ‘stone crab that comes from Kamchatka’ – this is the name of the peninsula in the Russian Far East where the crabs originate. Biologists were shocked when they discovered king crabs in the Norwegian Sea at the end of the seventies. How did the crabs come to Norway? At the beginning of the last century, they were only found in the North Pacific. Americans, Japanese and Russians fished and sold king crabs. King crab flesh has a much-appreciated taste. It sells for a good price and the export trade is successful. Stalin, and then Khrushchev, was convinced that this miraculous crab would delight the people on the shores of European Russia. Yuri Orlov, a Soviet scientist, embarked on a project in 1961. He took thousands of crabs through Siberia. They travelled from Vladivostok to Murmansk - a journey of more than 10,000 km. They were placed in the water 6 miles from Murmansk in the Kola Gulf, where it opens up into the Barents Sea. The king crabs multiplied quickly. By the end of the seventies, they had colonized the Russian waters and moved into Norway. As well as progressing southwards, the crabs are also migrating towards the interior, to the Norwegian fjords. The maze of steep and plunging cliffs has not deterred the king crab: it is more determined than ever. It is still unknown whether the king crab has fully colonized Porsanger, one of the largest fjords in Norway, or if some areas remain unaffected. Crabs move quickly and are difficult to locate. The Norwegian fishermen have started crab fishing, but unlike in Kamchatka and Alaska in the twentieth century, they have not built factory ships. They have simply adapted their equipment for king crab fishing and they work on small boats that are less than 15 m long and enable them to fish in the fjords. The Ministry of Fisheries has imposed fishing limits. They do not want to exhaust this new resource and have imposed quotas in order to preserve the stock. The Norwegian fisherman have taken Orlov’s dream and used it for their economic gain. They are not alone. In the North Pacific, in the region where the king crab originates from, people are pursuing the same goals.
Translation - Latvian Ledainajos Arktiskās jūras ūdeņos laiks šķietami ir sasalis... Patiesībā tā ir neparastu piedzīvojumu norises vieta. Gigantisks krabis, kas šeit iemitinājies cilvēka rīcības rezultātā, veido impēriju, lai apmierinātu savu negausīgo apetīti. Karaliskie krabji ne vienmēr mituši Barenca jūrā. Tie šeit tika ievesti. Tie parādījās Norvēģijas ziemeļos septiņdesmito gadu beigās. Tikai dažu gadu desmitu laikā tie ir iekarojuši visu Skandināvijas ziemeļu piekrasti. Cik tālu vēl tie paplašinās savu teritoriju? Zinātnieki turpina atklāt arvien jaunus šī vēžveidīgā iebrucēja resursus un pielāgošanās spējas. To kāju garums var sasniegt 6 pēdas, un tie var svērt līdz pat 20 mārciņām. Karaliskais krabis ir viens no lielākajiem vēžveidīgajiem zemūdens pasaulē. Viņu zinātniskais nosaukums ir: Paralithodes Camtschaticus. Latīņu valodā tas nozīmē "akmens krabis, kas nāk no Kamčatkas" - kas ir nosaukums pussalai Krievijas Tālajos Austrumos, kur šie krabji ir cēlušies. Biologi bija šokēti, kad septiņdesmito gadu beigās Norvēģijas jūrā atklāja karaliskos krabjus. Kā gan šie krabji nonāca Norvēģijā? Pagājušā gadsimta sākumā tie bija sastopami tikai Klusā okeāna ziemeļu daļā. Amerikāņi, japāņi un krievi zvejoja un pārdeva karaliskos krabjus. Karaliskā krabja gaļas garša tiek ļoti augstu vērtēta. To pārdod par labu cenu, un eksporta tirdzniecība ir veiksmīga. Staļins un vēlāk Hruščovs bija pārliecināti, ka šis brīnumainais krabis iepriecinās cilvēkus Krievijas Eiropas daļas piekrastē. Padomju zinātnieks Jurijs Orlovs 1961. gadā uzsāka projektu. Viņš cauri Sibīrijai izveda tūkstošiem krabju. Viņi devās no Vladivostokas uz Murmansku – veicot vairāk nekā 10 000 km garu ceļojumu. Tie tika ievietoti ūdenī Kolas līcī, 6 jūdžu attālumā no Murmanskas, kur tas ieplūst Barenca jūrā. Karaliskie krabji ātri savairojās. Septiņdesmito gadu beigās tie bija kolonizējuši Krievijas ūdeņus un pārvietojās uz Norvēģiju. Turpinot virzīties uz dienvidiem, šie krabji migrē arī uz iekšpusi, uz Norvēģijas fjordiem. Stāvo un iegrimušo klinšu labirints nav atturējis karalisko krabi: tas ir apņēmīgāks nekā jebkad. Joprojām nav zināms, vai karaliskais krabis ir pilnībā kolonizējis Porsangeru, vienu no lielākajiem Norvēģijas fjordiem, vai arī daži apgabali palikuši neskarti. Krabji pārvietojas ātri un ir grūti atrodami. Norvēģu zvejnieki ir uzsākuši krabju zveju, taču atšķirībā no Kamčatkas un Aļaskas divdesmitajā gadsimtā, viņi nav būvējuši specializētus zvejas kuģus. Viņi vienkārši ir pielāgojuši savu aprīkojumu karalisko krabju zvejošanai un strādā uz nelielām laivām, kuru garums nesasniedz 15 m un ļauj zvejot fjordos. Zivsaimniecības ministrija ir noteikusi nozvejas limitus. Viņi nevēlas izsmelt šo jauno resursu un ir noteikuši kvotas, lai saglabātu krājumus. Norvēģu zvejnieki ir īstenojuši Orlova sapni un izmantojuši to sava ekonomiskā labuma iegūšanai. Un viņi nav vienīgie. Klusā okeāna ziemeļu daļā, reģionā, no kurienes cēlies karaliskais krabis, cilvēki tiecas uz tiem pašiem mērķiem.
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