https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dandelion
The inner bracts are erect until the seeds mature, then flex downward to allow the seeds to disperse.

http://ipm.ucanr.edu/PMG/PESTNOTES/pn74130.html
Flowers are bright yellow, and when the seeds mature, the bracts fully open to reveal a ball of white-tufted seeds.

http://www.illinoiswildflowers.info/weeds/plants/cocklebur.h...
Each female flower within the bur-like bract produces a single oblong seed that more or less tapers to a point at each end.

https://greendougherty.blog/category/tropical-plants/
Looking at the canopy of a Solitaire palm tree ladened with bracts of new seeds.

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Note added at 1 hr (2018-03-15 09:46:22 GMT)
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"Tufts of seeds" might fit your text better.

https://www.luriegarden.org/plants/little-bluestem/
Blue Heaven little bluestem‘s August flowers quickly give way to spectacular silvery-white tufts of seeds from late September onward

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Note added at 6 hrs (2018-03-15 14:38:09 GMT)
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I didn't recognize that this was about edible plants only. Peapods and similar seed-bearing structures are botanically categorized as fruits (edible part develops from flower and contains seeds), so the other Samenstände could refer strictly to that of strict vegetables, like carrots and lettuce (parts developed from flowers are not the main food source).
You could probably get around this by using something like "harvest of fruit and vegetable parts containing mature seeds" for "Früchte oder fertige Samenstände... ernten."