Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Nov 5, 2015 14:31
8 yrs ago
2 viewers *
Spanish term
cauda
Spanish to English
Science
Biology (-tech,-chem,micro-)
Almejas
Es un estudio sobre almejas y contaminación
Al término de este proceso, las laminillas se lavaron con buffer de neutralización, se tiñeron con 75 l de bromuro de etidio y se analizaron en un microscopio de epifluorescencia equipado con un filtro de excitación de 551-560 nm.
Se evaluó la frecuencia de núcleos con y sin **cauda**, así como el tamaño de las caudas en una muestra de 100 núcleos
Encontré "caudate nuclei" pero ninguna traducción de "núcleos sin **cauda"
Al término de este proceso, las laminillas se lavaron con buffer de neutralización, se tiñeron con 75 l de bromuro de etidio y se analizaron en un microscopio de epifluorescencia equipado con un filtro de excitación de 551-560 nm.
Se evaluó la frecuencia de núcleos con y sin **cauda**, así como el tamaño de las caudas en una muestra de 100 núcleos
Encontré "caudate nuclei" pero ninguna traducción de "núcleos sin **cauda"
Proposed translations
(English)
| 4 +2 | comet tail |
Charles Davis
|
References
| full reference |
liz askew
|
| cauda or tail |
Robert Carter
|
Change log
Nov 5, 2015 14:57: patinba changed "Level" from "Non-PRO" to "PRO"
Nov 9, 2015 12:07: Charles Davis Created KOG entry
Votes to reclassify question as PRO/non-PRO:
PRO (3): Charles Davis, Cristina Gonzalez, patinba
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Proposed translations
+2
31 mins
Selected
comet tail
"Cauda" means tail in Latin and the word can be applied to a number of tail-like structures, including the tail of a comet:
"Los cometas son básicamente bolas de nieve polvorosas las cuales giran en órbita alrededor del Sol. [...] Los cometas tienen un centro helado (núcleo) rodeado por una gran nube de gas y polvo (llamada la coma). La coma es creada mientras el hielo en el núcleo es calentado por el Sol y se evapora. Los cometas pueden desarrollar dos caudas (colas) mientras ellos viajan más cerca del Sol: Una cauda recta de gas y una cauda curveada de polvo."
http://legacy.spitzer.caltech.edu/espanol//edu/askkids/comet...
This is relevant, because I think we're talking here about what is known as a comet assay: the presence of a "comet tail" indicates DNA damage.
"The Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis assay (SCGE, also known as comet assay) is an uncomplicated and sensitive technique for the detection of DNA damage at the level of the individual eukaryotic cell. [...] The term "comet" refers to the pattern of DNA migration through the electrophoresis gel, which often resembles a comet. [...]
Electrophoresis at high pH results in structures resembling comets, observed by fluorescence microscopy; the intensity of the comet tail relative to the head reflects the number of DNA breaks."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet_assay
"One hundred cells were analyzed per sample (treatments and controls) and were classified according to the size of the comet tail: class 0, no tailed; class 1, a short tail smaller than the diameter of the nucleoid; class 2, a tail length 1 to 2 times the diameter of the nucleoid; class 3, a tail length more than twice the nucleoid diameter (see Figure 1 a to d)."
"First genotoxicity study of Paraná river water from Argentina using cells from the clam Corbicula fluminea (Veneroida Corbiculidae) and Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus Rodentia, Cricetidae) K1 cells in the comet assay"
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415...
"A significant increase in comet tail length indicating DNA damage was observed at all concentrations of both the herbicides compared to the control."
"Genotoxicity Tests and Their Contributions in Aquatic Environmental Research"
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?DOI=10.4236/...
"La prueba del cometa es una excelente herramienta para detectar el efecto genotóxico inducido por agentes químicos, físicos y hasta biológicos en células de cualquier ser vivo [...] Las células con un incremento en su ADN dañado presentan una mayor migración del ADN hacia el ánodo o bien, una mayor intensidad de fluorescencia en la cauda con respecto a las células normales"
http://www.geocities.ws/mutagenesis_udg/prueba1.html
"Los cometas son básicamente bolas de nieve polvorosas las cuales giran en órbita alrededor del Sol. [...] Los cometas tienen un centro helado (núcleo) rodeado por una gran nube de gas y polvo (llamada la coma). La coma es creada mientras el hielo en el núcleo es calentado por el Sol y se evapora. Los cometas pueden desarrollar dos caudas (colas) mientras ellos viajan más cerca del Sol: Una cauda recta de gas y una cauda curveada de polvo."
http://legacy.spitzer.caltech.edu/espanol//edu/askkids/comet...
This is relevant, because I think we're talking here about what is known as a comet assay: the presence of a "comet tail" indicates DNA damage.
"The Single Cell Gel Electrophoresis assay (SCGE, also known as comet assay) is an uncomplicated and sensitive technique for the detection of DNA damage at the level of the individual eukaryotic cell. [...] The term "comet" refers to the pattern of DNA migration through the electrophoresis gel, which often resembles a comet. [...]
Electrophoresis at high pH results in structures resembling comets, observed by fluorescence microscopy; the intensity of the comet tail relative to the head reflects the number of DNA breaks."
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet_assay
"One hundred cells were analyzed per sample (treatments and controls) and were classified according to the size of the comet tail: class 0, no tailed; class 1, a short tail smaller than the diameter of the nucleoid; class 2, a tail length 1 to 2 times the diameter of the nucleoid; class 3, a tail length more than twice the nucleoid diameter (see Figure 1 a to d)."
"First genotoxicity study of Paraná river water from Argentina using cells from the clam Corbicula fluminea (Veneroida Corbiculidae) and Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus Rodentia, Cricetidae) K1 cells in the comet assay"
http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415...
"A significant increase in comet tail length indicating DNA damage was observed at all concentrations of both the herbicides compared to the control."
"Genotoxicity Tests and Their Contributions in Aquatic Environmental Research"
http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?DOI=10.4236/...
"La prueba del cometa es una excelente herramienta para detectar el efecto genotóxico inducido por agentes químicos, físicos y hasta biológicos en células de cualquier ser vivo [...] Las células con un incremento en su ADN dañado presentan una mayor migración del ADN hacia el ánodo o bien, una mayor intensidad de fluorescencia en la cauda con respecto a las células normales"
http://www.geocities.ws/mutagenesis_udg/prueba1.html
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
Comment: "Thanks everyone."
Reference comments
1 hr
Reference:
full reference
Does radial nuclear organisation in£uence DNA damage?
ftp://ftp.hgu.mrc.ac.uk/pub/wendy/pdfs/2005/GazaveCR2005.pdf
by E Gazave - 2005 - Cited by 28 - Related articles
Key words: DNA damage, DNA repair, nuclear organisation, oxidation, UV. Abstract .... Epifluorescence images were captured using a. В63 objective on a ..... detected in the comet tails (indicative of damage) of 11% of .... chromosome size.
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Note added at 1 hr (2015-11-05 16:03:16 GMT)
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A Dictionary of Entomology - Page 268 - Google Books Result
https://books.google.co.uk/books?isbn=184593542X
2011 - Science
CAUCHY, PIERRE AMEDEE (1806–1831) (Anon. 1832, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. 1: 114.) CAUDA Noun. (Latin, cauda = tail. PL, Caudae.) 1. Tail or any tail-like process ...
ftp://ftp.hgu.mrc.ac.uk/pub/wendy/pdfs/2005/GazaveCR2005.pdf
by E Gazave - 2005 - Cited by 28 - Related articles
Key words: DNA damage, DNA repair, nuclear organisation, oxidation, UV. Abstract .... Epifluorescence images were captured using a. В63 objective on a ..... detected in the comet tails (indicative of damage) of 11% of .... chromosome size.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2015-11-05 16:03:16 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
A Dictionary of Entomology - Page 268 - Google Books Result
https://books.google.co.uk/books?isbn=184593542X
2011 - Science
CAUCHY, PIERRE AMEDEE (1806–1831) (Anon. 1832, Ann. Soc. ent. Fr. 1: 114.) CAUDA Noun. (Latin, cauda = tail. PL, Caudae.) 1. Tail or any tail-like process ...
1 hr
Robert Carter
Mexico
Mexico
Native in English
Mexico
Translating full-time since 1998
Native in: English (Variant: British) 
Works in: Spanish to English
Reference:
cauda or tail
Great research as usual, Charles, your entry looks correct to me, only I won't give an "agree" as I don't feel qualified to do so.
Just from a linguistic standpoint, it might also be possible to simply leave it as "cauda" or "tail".
Here are a few relevant entries from Stedman's Medical Dictionary:
cauda, pl. caudae (kaw′dă, kaw′dē)
SYN: tail(1).
tail
1. Any tail, or taillike structure, or tapering or elongated extremity of an organ or other part. SYN: cauda [TA].
...
And also, regarding "caudate", I assume from the following entry that the term means "taillike" or "having a tail".
caudate nucleus [TA]
an elongated curved mass of gray matter, consisting of an anterior thick portion, the caput [TA] or head [TA], which protrudes into the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, a portion extending along the floor of the body of the lateral ventricle, known as the corpus [TA] or body [TA], and an elongated curved thin portion, the cauda [TA] or tail [TA], which curves downward, backward, and forward in the temporal lobe in the posterolateral wall of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. SYN: nucleus caudatus [TA], caudatum.
Just from a linguistic standpoint, it might also be possible to simply leave it as "cauda" or "tail".
Here are a few relevant entries from Stedman's Medical Dictionary:
cauda, pl. caudae (kaw′dă, kaw′dē)
SYN: tail(1).
tail
1. Any tail, or taillike structure, or tapering or elongated extremity of an organ or other part. SYN: cauda [TA].
...
And also, regarding "caudate", I assume from the following entry that the term means "taillike" or "having a tail".
caudate nucleus [TA]
an elongated curved mass of gray matter, consisting of an anterior thick portion, the caput [TA] or head [TA], which protrudes into the anterior horn of the lateral ventricle, a portion extending along the floor of the body of the lateral ventricle, known as the corpus [TA] or body [TA], and an elongated curved thin portion, the cauda [TA] or tail [TA], which curves downward, backward, and forward in the temporal lobe in the posterolateral wall of the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle. SYN: nucleus caudatus [TA], caudatum.
Peer comments on this reference comment:
| agree |
Charles Davis
: Thanks, Robert. All good stuff. I couldn't find much in the way of relevant references with "cauda" in English. By the way, it's refreshing to find somebody who refrains making peer comments unless they're sure!
1 hr
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