Glossary entry (derived from question below)
Sep 9, 2011 02:48
12 yrs ago
2 viewers *
Japanese term
Australia
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Native in: English
Works in: Japanese to English, English
証乃至
Japanese to English
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Law (general)
Original sentence is:
甲第20号証乃至甲第25号証
I don't understand the meaning of the 3 kanji "証乃至" in this context
甲第20号証乃至甲第25号証
I don't understand the meaning of the 3 kanji "証乃至" in this context
Proposed translations
(English)
| 4 +1 | Exhibits through |
T.B.
|
| 3 +1 | (Certificate No.20) or (certificate No. 25) |
MariyaN (X)
|
References
| exhibit or evidence? |
Kosoto (X)
|
Change log
Sep 16, 2011 23:28: T.B. Created KOG entry
Proposed translations
+1
53 mins
Selected
Exhibits through
証 means "exhibit" and 乃至 corresponds to "through."
甲第20号証乃至甲第25号証 would be "Kou Exhibits No. 20 through No. 25 (alternatively, Kou Exhibit No. 20 to No. 25 inclusive)."
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Note added at 15 hrs (2011-09-09 18:10:32 GMT)
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See the following example.
www.robbevans.com/pdf/debtworksapplicatexh2.pdf
甲, which is likely to be a plaintiff in the context, is sometimes translated as A (in that case 乙, a defendant, as B). That is fine. However, in Japan when people use roman alphabet in a discussion on court proceedings, they would use letters X for the plaintiff and Y for the defendant. Letters X, Y, Z are often seen in a law review, journal, etc. to refer to parties to a case.
甲第20号証乃至甲第25号証 would be "Kou Exhibits No. 20 through No. 25 (alternatively, Kou Exhibit No. 20 to No. 25 inclusive)."
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Note added at 15 hrs (2011-09-09 18:10:32 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
See the following example.
www.robbevans.com/pdf/debtworksapplicatexh2.pdf
甲, which is likely to be a plaintiff in the context, is sometimes translated as A (in that case 乙, a defendant, as B). That is fine. However, in Japan when people use roman alphabet in a discussion on court proceedings, they would use letters X for the plaintiff and Y for the defendant. Letters X, Y, Z are often seen in a law review, journal, etc. to refer to parties to a case.
4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer.
+1
47 mins
(Certificate No.20) or (certificate No. 25)
I think it must be 第20号証 乃至 甲第25号証. And 乃至 is ないし - "or" or "from... to" (depending on your context).
http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/乃至
http://ejje.weblio.jp/content/乃至
Peer comment(s):
| agree |
Kosoto (X)
: I agree with you; however, 証 in this case is an evidence, not a certificate. So, 甲第xx号証 means the evidence No. xx presented by Kou (= Plaintiff).
4 hrs
|
|
You must be right regarding 証; it's just that not having enough context I assumed it might mean "certificate" (because it can mean "certificate").
|
Reference comments
22 hrs
Reference:
exhibit or evidence?
I've confirmed the definitions of both words in Black's Law Dictionary:
Exhibit is defined as "1. A doument, record, or other tangible object formally introduced as evidence in court", and evidence is defined as "3. The collective mass of things, esp. testimony and exhibits, presented before a tribunal in a given dispute" etc.
Based on the above, taking back my previous comment, I think exhibit is appropriate for this case since 証 refers to a particular thing. Sorry for any confusion.
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Note added at 23時間 (2011-09-10 02:24:07 GMT)
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One related question:
Does 甲証 or 乙証 refer to only tangible evidence, or include testimonial evidence?
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Note added at 7日 (2011-09-16 05:39:18 GMT) Post-grading
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Just for reference,
it seems that 甲証 or 乙証 refers to only tangible evidence and that there is no such numbering system for testimonial evidence.
Exhibit is defined as "1. A doument, record, or other tangible object formally introduced as evidence in court", and evidence is defined as "3. The collective mass of things, esp. testimony and exhibits, presented before a tribunal in a given dispute" etc.
Based on the above, taking back my previous comment, I think exhibit is appropriate for this case since 証 refers to a particular thing. Sorry for any confusion.
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 23時間 (2011-09-10 02:24:07 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------
One related question:
Does 甲証 or 乙証 refer to only tangible evidence, or include testimonial evidence?
--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 7日 (2011-09-16 05:39:18 GMT) Post-grading
--------------------------------------------------
Just for reference,
it seems that 甲証 or 乙証 refers to only tangible evidence and that there is no such numbering system for testimonial evidence.
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