including facial and de facto life without parole

17:45 Sep 6, 2020
This question was closed without grading. Reason: Other

English to Spanish translations [PRO]
Law/Patents - Law (general)
English term or phrase: including facial and de facto life without parole
I am translating a document related to an extradition, I am no sure how to translate the term facial, full sentence below:
Extreme sentencing practices, including facial and de facto life without parole, contravene Article 10(3) the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) by imposing sentencing schemes that are retributory rather than reformative.

Thanks!
Alicia Estevez-hernandez
Local time: 06:49


Summary of answers provided
4lisa y llanamente
María Guerrini
Summary of reference entries provided
Ref.
Taña Dalglish

Discussion entries: 6





  

Answers


4 days   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5
lisa y llanamente


Explanation:
En los hechos es lo mismo ser sentenciado a cadena perpetua sin posibilidad de libertad condicional que ser sentenciado a 150 años de prisión sin posibilidad de libertad condicional.

Example sentence(s):
  • ...que incluyen sentencias que condenan lisa y llanamente a cadena perpetua sin posibilidad de libertad condicional y sentencias que sin establecerlo expresamente se cumplen de facto como si lo fueran...

    https://documents-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/G13/110/27/PDF/G1311027.pdf?OpenElement
    https://enciclopedia_universal.esacademic.com/221600/lisa_y_llanamente
María Guerrini
Argentina
Local time: 02:49
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Spanish
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Reference comments


34 mins
Reference: Ref.

Reference information:
I have no idea why they use the word "facial" (of the face). Perhaps, an editing error and it should read "those facing life without parole" (?).

You may have to ask the client from whom you got the document to clarify! Let us home it is not directly from the UN General Assembly as you may never receive a reponse (I know, I worked with the UN for 15 years, so....] An error is entirely possible .... LOL!



This comes from the UN General Assembly (document A/HRC/22/NGO/53)
Download - UN Digital Library digitallibrary.un.org › files › A_HRC_22_NGO_53-EN
PDF https://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:ZMC5r7...
Feb 10, 2013 - ... sentencing practices, including facial and de facto life without parole, contravene the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) by ... both life without parole (LWOP) and de facto LWOP, wherein ... to rehabilitation.3 Moreover, young people sentenced to LWOP ... 1 ICCPR, Art.10(3).

Extreme criminal sentences: Violations of international standards
Introduction
Extreme sentencing practices, including ***facial and de facto life without parole***, contravene
the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) by imposing sentencing
schemes that are retributory rather than reformative.1 The Working Group (WG) on
Arbitrary Detention states that arbitrariness may include detention authorized by domestic
law, including sentences that are disproportionately long or harsh.2 Such practices include
both life without parole (LWOP) and de facto LWOP, wherein offenders are not sentenced
to life without the possibility of parole but the sentence effectively operates as such.


The dangers of extreme sentencing are especially apparent when applied to juveniles.
Juveniles have been recognized to be less culpable than adult offenders and more receptive
to rehabilitation.3 Moreover, young people sentenced to LWOP spend a disproportionate
amount of their life behind bars, as compared to average adult offenders.4 The problems
inherent in extreme sentencing are further compounded by a rise in prison privatization,
which incentivizes sentencing offenders to lengthy terms to derive the greatest profit.
Recent case law suggests that international attention and pressure may have a positive
effect on domestic law. In Roper v. Simmons, which outlawed the death penalty for
juveniles in the United States, the Supreme Court stated that while not controlling,
international opposition to the death penalty provided “respected and significant
confirmation” for the Court’s decision.5 Later, in Graham v. Florida, the Supreme Court
noted that the international consensus against juvenile life without parole for non-homicide
crimes was relevant to determining that such practices were unconstitutional. 6 Both
practices have been addressed by Council resolution.

[---]

Extreme sentencing practices
A. Life without parole
Life without the possibility of parole sentences are distinct from life sentences in that the former ensures, at the time of sentencing, that the convicted person will unconditionallyspend their life behind bars, while the latter allows for the possibility of rehabilitation and relie to be determined at some later time.
LWOP thus functions very similarly to the death penalty, by removing from the outset any chance for rehabilitation or reform.

[...]
The United States is among only 36 countries (21%) thatcontinue to allow concurrent sentencing without any

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Note added at 35 mins (2020-09-06 18:21:23 GMT)
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Oops "... never receive a response ...".


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Note added at 36 mins (2020-09-06 18:22:29 GMT)
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The United States is among only 36 countries (21%) that continue to allow concurrent sentencing without any cap (footnote 20).

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Note added at 39 mins (2020-09-06 18:25:40 GMT)
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While the United States should be commended for their recent efforts, the decisions in
Graham and Miller leave several issues undecided. The decisions stop short of actually
banning JLWOP as non-mandatory JLWOP sentencing for homicides are still permitted.
Thus, LWOP is still an available (although not mandatory) punishment for juveniles
convicted of murder and juveniles are still subjected to excessively long sentences
amounting to de facto LWOP. Finally, part of what contributes to extreme sentencing of juveniles is the regular practice of transferring juveniles to adult Court. This practice is in direct conflict with the ICCPR under Article 10(3).


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Note added at 44 mins (2020-09-06 18:30:24 GMT)
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In Spanish:

Artículo 10
1. Toda persona privada de libertad será tratada humanamente y con el respeto debido a la dignidad inherente al ser humano.

2.

a) Los procesados estarán separados de los condenados, salvo en circunstancias excepcionales, y serán sometidos a un tratamiento distinto, adecuado a su condición de personas no condenadas;

b) Los menores procesados estarán separados de los adultos y deberán ser llevados ante los tribunales de justicia con la mayor celeridad posible para su enjuiciamiento.

3. El régimen penitenciario consistirá en un tratamiento cuya finalidad esencial será la reforma y la readaptación social de los penados. Los menores delincuentes estarán separados de los adultos y serán sometidos a un tratamiento adecuado a su edad y condición jurídica.

https://www.ohchr.org/sp/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.asp...


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Note added at 1 hr (2020-09-06 19:15:55 GMT)
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(PDF) El principio de proporcionalidad y de razonabilidad ...www.researchgate.net › publication › 28294986_El_princ...
doctrina del “desafío facial”. 127. (facial challenge), y la doctrina de la “aplicación” (as. applied challenge). Quien plantea la inconstitucionalidad de una norma ...
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/28294986_El_princip...


México - desafío facial
xII el centro de la arGumentación FÁcil a FaVor del ... - UNAMarchivos.juridicas.unam.mx › libros
PDF https://archivos.juridicas.unam.mx/www/bjv/libros/9/4052/14....
Por otro lado, se denomina un “as applied challenge”, a aquellos donde el ... en esta idea entre una acción de constitucionalidad y el **desafío facial**, y la ...
Por otro lado, se denomina un “as applied challenge”, a aquellos donde el demandante
alega que una aplicación particular de la ley es inconstitucional.] Cuando la corte aplica un remedio as applied, declara que el estatuto mismo (o parte de él) es inconstitucional con respecto a todos los litigantes. Este fallo es vinculante para las partes en litigio. En contraste, cuando una corte emite un remedio “facial”, declara que el estatuto mismo (o parte de él) es inconstitucional con respecto a todos los litigantes. La diferencia práctica entre los dos remedios es clara desde la perspectiva de los litigantes futuros. Si una ley es anulada as applied a un conjunto particular de circunstancias, un litigante futuro siempre tendrá que argüir que ellos
también están bajo las mismas o similares circunstancias, y una corte tendrá que aceptar el argumento, y declarar que la ley es inconstitucional con respecto al nuevo litigante. Si, por el otro lado, una norma es derogada “facialmente”, esto sería innecesario, y todos los actores políticos y jurídicos, particularmente los litigantes, pueden ignorar la ley inconstitucional o parte de ella. Aunque no se trata de conceptos totalmente equivalentes, hay alguna similitud en esta idea entre una acción de constitucionalidad y el desafío facial, y la excepción de inconstitucionalidad y el desafío “as applied”].

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Note added at 8 hrs (2020-09-07 01:59:56 GMT)
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Es "Pacto" y no "Convenio".
Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos (ICCPR, por sus siglas en inglés)


https://www.coe.int/es/web/compass/the-international-covenan...
PACTO INTERNACIONAL DE DERECHOS CIVILES Y POLÍTICOS (ICCPR)


ACNUDH | Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos www.ohchr.org › pages › ccpr
Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos. Adoptado y abierto a la firma, ratificación y adhesión por la Asamblea General en su resolución 2200 A (XXI), ...
.

Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos - Wikipediaes.wikipedia.org › wiki › Pacto_Inter...
El ***Pacto Internacional de Derechos Civiles y Políticos (ICCPR, por su sigla en inglés)*** es un tratado multilateral general que reconoce Derechos civiles y ...
Tipo de tratado‎: ‎Tratado multilateral
Firmantes‎: ‎Miembros de la ONU
Firmado‎: ‎16 de diciembre de 1966; ‎Secretaría ...
Idiomas‎: ‎Inglés, español, francés
‎Génesis · ‎Estructura · ‎El Comité de Derechos ... · ‎Referencias


https://www.google.com/search?q=Pacto Internacional de Derec...

Taña Dalglish
Jamaica
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: English
PRO pts in category: 355
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