General Court of Justice

Dutch translation: General Court of Justice (onvertaald)

GLOSSARY ENTRY (DERIVED FROM QUESTION BELOW)
English term or phrase:General Court of Justice
Dutch translation:General Court of Justice (onvertaald)
Entered by: Lianne van de Ven

21:18 Mar 13, 2019
English to Dutch translations [PRO]
Law/Patents - Law: Contract(s) / judgment
English term or phrase: General Court of Justice
Ik moet het begin van een vonnis uit North Carolina vertalen. Er staat 'IN THE GENERAL COURT OF JUSTICE - DISTRICT COURT DIVISION'. Kan iemand mij helpen aan de juiste vertaling? Ik dacht aan 'IN HET ALGEMEEN HOF VAN JUSTITIE - RECHTBANK VAN EERSTE AANLEG".

'District courts hear cases involving civil, criminal, juvenile, and magistrate matters.' https://www.nccourts.gov/courts/district-court
Bénédicte Annys (X)
Local time: 20:00
General Court of Justice (onvertaald)
Explanation:
'General Court of Justice' is de benaming van het (algemene) rechtssysteem van North Carolina. Ik zou de benaming onvertaald laten, maar je kunt een vertaling tussen haakjes zetten, bijv. (De districtsrechtbank van (-plaats-) van de algemene rechtbank van North Carolina).

Chris Odijk in Vertaalwijzer Engels Nederlands geeft in par. 77 aan: "Het is in de regel verstandig om namen van Britse gerechtelijke instanties onvertaald te laten, aangezien deze instanties onvoldoende gelijkwaardig zijn aan de Nederlandse gerechtelijke instanties. Men kan wel een leenvertaling gebruiken, maar ook dat is in de praktijk weinig gebruikelijk." (...) De Amerikaanse rechtscolleges zijn over het algemeen iets beter vergelijkbaar met de Nederlandse maar ook hier moet met oppassen, al is het alleen maar omdat er voor sommige instanties verwarrende namen worden gebruikt. Zo heet het hoogste rechtscollege in de meeste deelstaten van de VS 'Supreme Court', maar in de deelstaat New York is het Supreme Court een lagere instantie dan het Courg of Appeal. (....) Conclusie: het is altijd correct om namen van Engelse en Amerikaanse rechscolleges onvertaald te laten, maar soms is het correct om deze wel te vertalen (m.n. bij de Amerikaanse rechtscolleges) indien men zich goed verdiept in de aard van de instantie en men zich ervan vergewist dat de instantie goed vergelijkbaar is met de Nederlandse instantie waarvan met de naam gebruikt."

North Carolina’s court system, called the General Court of Justice, is a unified statewide, state-operated system comprised of three divisions–the Appellate Division (made up of the court of appeals and the state supreme court), the Superior Court Division, and the District Court Division.
http://andjusticeforall.dconc.gov/courts/

The Appellate Division consists of the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals...
The District Courts handle the vast majority of the trial level cases. They have exclusive jurisdiction over civil cases involving less than $10,000, almost all misdemeanors, probable cause hearings in felony cases, juvenile proceedings, mental health hospital commitments, and domestic relations cases. As of 2006, North Carolina had 41 district court districts, and 239 district court judges, elected to four-year terms.
https://www.ncpedia.org/government/state/judicial
Selected response from:

Lianne van de Ven
United States
Local time: 15:00
Grading comment
4 KudoZ points were awarded for this answer



Summary of answers provided
4 +3General Court of Justice (onvertaald)
Lianne van de Ven
Summary of reference entries provided
US federal court system
Barend van Zadelhoff
Refs
Kitty Brussaard

Discussion entries: 2





  

Answers


1 hr   confidence: Answerer confidence 4/5Answerer confidence 4/5 peer agreement (net): +3
general court of justice
General Court of Justice (onvertaald)


Explanation:
'General Court of Justice' is de benaming van het (algemene) rechtssysteem van North Carolina. Ik zou de benaming onvertaald laten, maar je kunt een vertaling tussen haakjes zetten, bijv. (De districtsrechtbank van (-plaats-) van de algemene rechtbank van North Carolina).

Chris Odijk in Vertaalwijzer Engels Nederlands geeft in par. 77 aan: "Het is in de regel verstandig om namen van Britse gerechtelijke instanties onvertaald te laten, aangezien deze instanties onvoldoende gelijkwaardig zijn aan de Nederlandse gerechtelijke instanties. Men kan wel een leenvertaling gebruiken, maar ook dat is in de praktijk weinig gebruikelijk." (...) De Amerikaanse rechtscolleges zijn over het algemeen iets beter vergelijkbaar met de Nederlandse maar ook hier moet met oppassen, al is het alleen maar omdat er voor sommige instanties verwarrende namen worden gebruikt. Zo heet het hoogste rechtscollege in de meeste deelstaten van de VS 'Supreme Court', maar in de deelstaat New York is het Supreme Court een lagere instantie dan het Courg of Appeal. (....) Conclusie: het is altijd correct om namen van Engelse en Amerikaanse rechscolleges onvertaald te laten, maar soms is het correct om deze wel te vertalen (m.n. bij de Amerikaanse rechtscolleges) indien men zich goed verdiept in de aard van de instantie en men zich ervan vergewist dat de instantie goed vergelijkbaar is met de Nederlandse instantie waarvan met de naam gebruikt."

North Carolina’s court system, called the General Court of Justice, is a unified statewide, state-operated system comprised of three divisions–the Appellate Division (made up of the court of appeals and the state supreme court), the Superior Court Division, and the District Court Division.
http://andjusticeforall.dconc.gov/courts/

The Appellate Division consists of the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals...
The District Courts handle the vast majority of the trial level cases. They have exclusive jurisdiction over civil cases involving less than $10,000, almost all misdemeanors, probable cause hearings in felony cases, juvenile proceedings, mental health hospital commitments, and domestic relations cases. As of 2006, North Carolina had 41 district court districts, and 239 district court judges, elected to four-year terms.
https://www.ncpedia.org/government/state/judicial


Lianne van de Ven
United States
Local time: 15:00
Specializes in field
Native speaker of: Native in DutchDutch
PRO pts in category: 84

Peer comments on this answer (and responses from the answerer)
agree  Barend van Zadelhoff: As I understand it, in this particular case this 'General Court of Justice' is part of the District Court Division, and you might call it a ('gewone') 'rechtbank' in the Netherlands, if such a comparison is at all possible. See reference comment.
13 mins
  -> Bedankt, Barend.

agree  Kitty Brussaard: Eens met je refs en met je advies! @Barend: (...) this 'General Court of Justice' is part of (moet zijn: comprises) the District Court Division (...). Als je al wilt vergelijken, dan dus: district court (NC) = (ong.) rechtbank / gewone rechtbank (NL).
2 days 3 hrs
  -> Dank je, Kitty.

agree  Désirée Grendel
127 days
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Reference comments


24 mins peer agreement (net): +1
Reference: US federal court system

Reference information:
federal court system is a three-tier system

Introduction To The Federal Court System

The federal court system has three main levels: district courts (the trial court), circuit courts which are the first level of appeal, and the Supreme Court of the United States, the final level of appeal in the federal system. There are 94 district courts, 13 circuit courts, and one Supreme Court throughout the country.

District Courts

The district courts are the general trial courts of the federal court system. Each district court has at least one United States District Judge, appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate for a life term. District courts handle trials within the federal court system – both civil and criminal. The districts are the same as those for the U.S. Attorneys, and the U.S. Attorney is the primary prosecutor for the federal government in his or her respective area.
....

Circuit Courts

Once the federal district court has decided a case, the case can be appealed to a United States court of appeal. There are twelve federal circuits that divide the country into different regions. The Fifth Circuit, for example, includes the states of Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. Cases from the district courts of those states are appealed to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, which is headquartered in New Orleans, Louisiana. Additionally, the Federal Circuit Court of Appeals has a nationwide jurisdiction over very specific issues such as patents.
....

Supreme Court of the United States

The Supreme Court of the United States is the highest court in the American judicial system, and has the power to decide appeals on all cases brought in federal court or those brought in state court but dealing with federal law. For example, if a First Amendment freedom of speech case was decided by the highest court of a state (usually the state supreme court), the case could be appealed to the federal Supreme Court. However, if that same case were decided entirely on a state law similar to the First Amendment, the Supreme Court of the United States would not be able to consider the case.
....

https://www.justice.gov/usao/justice-101/federal-courts


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Note added at 1 hr (2019-03-13 22:22:30 GMT)
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The State court system is a three-tier system as well (in general: Trial Courts/Local Courts ; Intermediate Courts of Appeal ; State Supreme Court).

We may be dealing with the State Court system here, rather than the federal court system, since this applies to North Carolina specifically:

North Carolina Judicial Branch

Types of Courts

The courts of the North Carolina Judicial Branch are split into three divisions.

Appellate Division
Superior Court Division
District Court Division


Appellate Division




Supreme Court
The Supreme Court is the state’s highest court. This court has a Chief Justices and six associate justices, who sit as a body and decide cases appealed from lower courts, including the Court of Appeals. The Supreme Court has no jury, and it makes no determination of fact; rather it considers only questions of law, which means resolving a party’s claim that there were errors in legal procedures or in judicial interpretation of the law in the trial court or the Court of Appeals. Learn more.


Court of Appeals
The Court of Appeals is an intermediate appellate court that was created to relieve the Supreme Court of a portion of its heavy caseload. Like the Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals decides only questions of law. It has 15 judges, who sit in panels of three to hear cases. One of the judges is the Chief Judge of the Court of Appeals appointed by the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. Learn more.


Superior Court Division

Unlike the appellate division that decides only questions of law when a party appeals a case, the Superior and District Court divisions are the trial court divisions that hold trials, and empanel juries to determine the facts of cases.

Superior courts hear cases involving felony crimes, civil cases involving $25,000 or more, and appeals from district courts. This court “sits” (holds court) at least twice a year in each county of the state. In the busiest counties, several sessions may be held concurrently each week. Learn more.

District Court Division



Like the superior court division, district courts hold trials and empanel juries to determine the facts of specific cases. District courts handle serious, but lower level crimes, and civil cases between $10,000 - $25,000. The state is divided into district court districts where the court usually sits in the county seat of each county. Each district has a chief district court judge who manages the administrative duties of the court. Learn more.

Magistrates hold court in both civil and criminal matters as officers of the district court under the authority of the chief district court judge. In the civil context, magistrates are generally assigned to preside over “small claims” court which hears disputes for claims under $10,000. For criminal matters, magistrates conduct certain preliminary proceedings and are authorized to dispose of some cases by pleas of guilt or by trial.




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Note added at 1 hr (2019-03-13 22:41:26 GMT)
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In Nederland heb je ook drie lagen:
De rechtbank
Het gerechtshof
De Hoge Raad.

Als je de kwestie met de Nederlandse situatie zou vergelijken (maar is dat mogelijk en moet je dat doen?), zou dat 'GENERAL COURT OF JUSTICE' een 'rechtbank' zijn en 'DISTRICT COURT DIVISION' het laagste gerecht in het rechtssysteem.

Barend van Zadelhoff
Netherlands
Native speaker of: Native in DutchDutch
PRO pts in category: 16

Peer comments on this reference comment (and responses from the reference poster)
agree  Lianne van de Ven
1 hr
  -> Dank je, Lianne.
neutral  Kitty Brussaard: Eens met je refs maar niet met je poging e.e.a. te vergelijken met de NL situatie. 'General Court of Justice' = het NC-rechtssysteem als geheel. Daarbinnen vormen de 'district courts' idd het laagste niveau (ong. vergelijkbaar met NL 'gewone rechtbanken')
2 days 4 hrs
  -> Inderdaad. Had verder moeten kijken. De manier waarop het wordt gepresenteerd in de vraag, deed me denken 'een specifieke rechtbank' als onderdeel van de 'District Court Division'. Internet wijst anders uit.
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