21:02 Jan 3, 2013 |
Czech to English translations [PRO] Science - Architecture | |||||||
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| Selected response from: Hannah Geiger (X) United States Local time: 17:18 | ||||||
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Summary of answers provided | ||||
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4 +1 | sector (proportional compass) |
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4 | proportional dividers |
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sector (proportional compass) Explanation: The sector, also known as a proportional compass or military compass, was a major calculating instrument in use from the end of the sixteenth century until the nineteenth century. It is an instrument consisting of two rulers of equal length joined by a hinge. A number of scales are inscribed upon the instrument which facilitate various mathematical calculations. viz wiki http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sector_(instrument) Reference: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sector_(instrument) |
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proportional dividers Explanation: proporational compass was invented by Fabrizio Mordente in 1591 Some early calculating instruments from Europe are of special interest in this issue. One set of articles describes German calculating instruments for determining the dimensions of elements in a neoclassical column: Nikolaus Goldmann's "Architectural Rods" (1662) and Balthasar Neumann's proportional dividers called "Instrumentum Architecturæ" (1713). Both instruments hark back to the classical work on architecture by Vitruvius (40 B.C.). http://tech.dir.groups.yahoo.com/group/sliderule/message/407... http://books.google.com/books?id=8lFzjSEpHcgC&pg=PT97&lpg=PT... -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 3 hrs (2013-01-04 00:37:30 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- proportional, not proporational, sorry, typo -------------------------------------------------- Note added at 3 hrs (2013-01-04 00:46:54 GMT) -------------------------------------------------- front: In 1713 Neumann invented the Instrumentum Architecturae, a kind of proportional dividers to calculate columns in architecture. http://www.tcocd.de/Pictures/Miscellaneous/Money/neumann-dem... |
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